Al-Khwarazimi

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That fondness for science, ... that affability and condescension which God shows to the learned, that promptitude with which he protects and supports them in the elucidation of obscurities and in the removal of difficulties, has encouraged me to compose a short work on calculating by //al-jabr// (completion) and //al-muqabala// (balancing), confining it to what is easiest and most useful in arithmetic.===== --Al-Khwarizmi (780-850)

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it becomes a text document

Here is a picture of a page of //al-Kitab al-mukhatsar fi hisab al-jabr wa’l muqabala.//

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Childhood
He was born in 780. 780 AD=163 AH. He was born in Khwarizm, hence "Khwarizmi" His father was named Moses. Khwarizm was located in an Islamic empire Khwarizm is now in Uzbekistan. Khwarizm is part of Xorasm Province in Uzbekistan

Achievements
He wrote a book on algebra. He wrote a book on sundials. He wrote a book on geography He wrote a book on astronomy He wrote a book on Hindi numerals, which we call Arabic numerals He wrote a book on use of the astrolabe. He wrote a book on construction of the astrolabe. He wrote a book on history. There is an Iranian award named after him! The astrolabe is used to find stars. He lived in Baghdad for all of his life after he joined the House of Wisdom He was chosen to be a scholar at Caliph al-Mamun's House of Wisdom His algebra book was called //al-Kitab al-mukhatsar fi hisab al-jabr wa’l muqabala.// Al-Jabr wa'l Muqabala was written in 215 AH. 215 AH=830 AD His astronomy book was called //Zij al-Sindhind//. Zij al-Sindhind written in 820 AD. 205 AH=820 AD. His book about Hindi numerals was called //Algoritmi de Numero Indorum.// His book on sundials was Kitab //Surat al-Ard.// Kitab Surat al-Ard was written in 833 AD. 833 AD=218 AH His book, //al-Kitab al-mukhatsar fi hisab al-jabr wa'l muqabala//, was intended to teach, "What is easiest and most useful in arithmetic, things that people constantly require in cases of inheritance, legacies, partition, lawsuits, and trade, and in all their dealings with one another, or where the measuring of lands, geometrical computations, and other objects of various sorts and kinds are concerned." The Hindi numeral book was called //Algoritmi de numero Indorum.// The word "algorithm" comes from his name. His book on Hindi numerals was written in 820 AD. His Latin name was "Algorismus" Algorismus was an early word for arithmetic. He combined Greek and Hindu knowledge. He helped measure the length of a degree. He had a son named Jafar. He introduced zero to Europe. A crater on the moon is named after him.

Late Life
He died in 850 AD 850 AD=235/236 AH

Culture
The most prominent religion was Islam. Another religion was Zoroastrianism. Those who followed Islam had more influence than those who did not. The general area was known as the Muslim Empire. Paper came to the Muslim Empire from China. Paper was cheap, but used in the House of Wisdom. Harun al-Rashid was caliph when Al-Khwarizmi was born. Harun al-Rashid died in 809. Muslim years are AH.

His sun, al-Mamun, succeded him as caliph. In 793, paper was first made in Baghdad